A dwell-characteristic-driven method for charging-facility siting and power rating was proposed to better align charging-facility planning decisions with the operating patterns of urban delivery fleets. Based on vehicle dwell information, depot locations were identified, and a set of network charging stations with different power ratings was then established. On this basis, second-by-second energy-consumption data from the same fleet was used for evaluation. Three metrics were defined: trip incompletion rate, average detour distance, and average delay time. Operational performance was comprehensively evaluated across alternative layouts and station-number scenarios using these metrics. The results showed that the proposed method outperformed the FCLM (Flow-Capturing Location Model) and maximum coverage models across all metrics. When the number of network charging stations was n=5, compared with the FCLM model, the proposed method reduced the trip incompletion rate by approximately 40%, and shortened the average detour distance and delay time by 20%~30%. Further comparison of the two power configuration schemes of the proposed method revealed that, although the operational indicators of the 60 kW and 240 kW mixed power configuration scheme were slightly higher than those of the all-240 kW scheme, the differences narrowed rapidly as n increased. In addition, hourly load analysis showed that the mixed power configuration scheme could significantly alleviate the load pressure on individual stations, reducing the peak loads at the depot and network sides by approximately 30% and 43%, respectively, compared with the FCLM model. It improved grid-friendliness and helped reduce infrastructure costs.
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