在城市轨道交通客流量急剧增加的同时，城市轨道交通车站的相关设施设备也暴露了严重 的集散能力瓶颈问题。为了研究以设施疏散能力为基础的静态瓶颈识别方法，改善轨道交通车站 客流组织方案内容，结合通行能力的理论计算方法，提出了一种基于逆向搜索筛选出车站客流瓶 颈的方法：通过模拟乘客在车站的走行路径，结合各设备及通道等部位的通行能力，运用逆推的 方法来找到车站疏散体系的瓶颈节点。最后，根据广州地铁三号线市桥站的车站空间结构和设施 最大通行能力，进行了算法的实际应用。结果表明，该车站的客流瓶颈与实际观测的可能拥堵点 相吻合，验证了方法的可用性和有效性。

While passenger traffic flow of urban rail transit increased dramatically, the related facilities and equipment of rail transit stations also emerged the serious bottleneck of distributed capacity. In or⁃ der to study the static bottleneck identification method based on the evacuation ability of rail transit facil⁃ ities and improve the organization program of passenger flow in rail transit station, a screening method for passenger flow bottleneck in rail transit station based on the reverse search was proposed combined with the theoretical calculation of traffic capacity. By simulating passengers′ travelling routes in rail tran⁃ sit station and considering the traffic capacity of the channel and equipment, the bottleneck nodes of sta⁃ tion evacuation system could be found using the reverse method. Finally, the method was applied in actu⁃ al according to the station space structures and facilities maximum traffic capacity of Shiqiao Station in Guangzhou Metro Line Three. The results show that the passenger flow bottlenecks coincide with the po⁃ tential congestion points by actual observation. The availability and effectiveness of the method have been verified.