为探究西部陆海新通道氢走廊对交通运输低碳转型的支撑效能，厘清跨区域氢能协同发展的现实约束与优化路径，以西部陆海新通道氢走廊为研究对象，在梳理国际实践经验并提炼本土化启示的基础上，依托行业统计数据与调研资料，采用情景分析与定量测算法构建碳减排测算模型。模型区分灰氢、绿氢两类应用情景，预测不同时间节点不同制氢路线下氢能重卡的碳减排效能。进而，结合区域资源禀赋、产业基础与供需保障条件，从碳减排和氢能产业培育双维度量化评估氢走廊建设的综合效益。测算结果表明：灰氢工况下，氢能重卡百公里减排率约为11%，2035年区域年碳减排量可达0.16 Mt；绿氢全面替代后，减排潜力将跃升至1.4 Mt，并可带动千亿级氢能产业集群发展。研究发现，当前氢走廊存在氢源调度不畅、加氢网络布局不完善、跨区域治理壁垒突出等现实瓶颈，据此从稳定氢能供给、优化加氢站点布局、实施氢能重卡购置运营补贴、放开氢车通行限制、构建跨区域氢能协同治理机制五方面提出配套政策建议。研究成果可为西部陆海新通道氢能规模化应用、交通运输领域低碳转型及跨省氢能协同发展提供实践参考。

To explore the supporting efficacy of the hydrogen corridor along the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor for low-carbon transition in the transport sector, and clarify the practical constraints and optimization paths of cross-regional collaborative development of hydrogen energy, this paper takes the hydrogen corridor along the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor as the research object. On the basis of reviewing international practical experience and extracting localized insights, and relying on industry statistical data and survey data, it adopts scenario analysis and quantitative calculation method to construct a carbon emission reduction model. The model distinguishes two application scenarios, gray hydrogen and green hydrogen, and predicts the carbon emission reduction efficiency of hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks under different hydrogen production routes at various time points. Furthermore, combining the regional resource endowments, industrial foundation, and supply-demand guarantee conditions, it quantitatively evaluates the comprehensive benefits of hydrogen corridor construction from the dual dimensions of carbon emission reduction and hydrogen industry cultivation. The calculation results show that under the gray hydrogen scenario, the carbon emission reduction rate per 100 km for hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks is approximately 11%, and the annual regional carbon emission reduction will reach 0.16 Mt by 2035; after full replacement by green hydrogen, the emission reduction potential will jump to 1.4 Mt, and can drive the development of a hundred-billion-yuan-level hydrogen energy industrial cluster. The study finds that the current hydrogen corridor faces challenges such as inefficient hydrogen source dispatch, imperfect layout of the hydrogen refueling network, and marked cross-regional governance barriers. Accordingly, supporting policy recommendations are proposed from five aspects: stabilizing hydrogen energy supply, optimizing the layout of hydrogen refueling stations, implementing purchase and operating subsidies for hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks, relaxing traffic restrictions on hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks, and building a cross-regional collaborative governance mechanism for hydrogen energy. The research conclusions can provide practical reference for the large-scale application of hydrogen energy in the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor, low-carbon transition in the transport sector, and cross-provincial collaborative development of hydrogen energy.