针对现有公路交通电氢耦合系统研究多以单向制氢为主、对电动汽车与氢燃料汽车协同补能场景刻画不足，以及容量配置中未充分考虑可逆固体氧化物电池（RSOC）运行特性等问题，提出一种面向公路交通的双向可逆电氢耦合微电网系统容量优化配置方法。首先，结合高速公路服务区补能需求，构建由风力发电、光伏发电、燃气轮机、RSOC、储氢系统及余热利用单元组成的电氢耦合微电网架构，并建立分布式新能源、RSOC、储氢系统及交通补能负荷模型。其次，以系统年均总成本最小为目标，综合考虑RSOC运行特性、弃电惩罚、功率平衡以及相关设备约束，运用改进粒子群优化算法对微网内各能源设备的配置容量进行优化求解。最后，以沈海高速公路某服务区为例开展算例求解分析。研究结果表明，该方法能获得兼具经济性和运行灵活性的配置方案，年绿氢产量为127.3 t，弃电率降低至6.18%，年均总成本至少降低42.48万元。含RSOC的电氢耦合微电网可有效提升可再生能源消纳能力和交通补能保障水平，可为公路交通电氢耦合微电网系统规划设计提供决策支持。

Existing research on highway transportation electricity-hydrogen coupled systems mainly focuses on one-way hydrogen production, with insufficient characterization of collaborative energy supply scenarios for electric vehicles and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and inadequate consideration of reversible solid oxide cell (RSOC) operational characteristics in capacity configuration. To address these issues, a capacity optimization configuration method is proposed for a bidirectional reversible electricity-hydrogen coupled microgrid system for highway transportation.Firstly, according to the energy supply demand of highway service areas, an electric-hydrogen coupled microgrid architecture is constructed, comprising wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation, gas turbines, RSOC, hydrogen storage systems, and waste heat utilization units. Meanwhile, models for distributed renewable energy sources, RSOC, hydrogen storage, and transportation energy replenishment loads are established. Then, with the minimum equivalent annual total cost of the system as the objective, the operating characteristics of RSOC, renewable curtailment penalties, power balance, and related equipment constraints are comprehensively considered, and an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is employed to optimize the capacity configuration of energy devices in the microgrid. Finally, a case study is conducted and analyzed using a service area on the Shenyang-Haikou Expressway. The results show that the proposed method can obtain a configuration scheme with both economic viability and operational flexibility, achieving an annual green hydrogen production of 127.3 t, reducing the renewable energy curtailment rate to 6.18%, and reducing the average annual total cost by at least 424 800 CNY. The RSOC-based electric-hydrogen coupled microgrid can effectively enhance renewable energy accommodation and transportation energy supply reliability, thereby providing decision support for the planning and design of electric-hydrogen coupled microgrid systems for highway transportation.