高速公路充电设施技术规划综述：场景需求、技术路线与配置策略

徐士翠; 黄超; 孙鹏翔; 郑少灿; 胡正宇; 李天宇; 冯健茜; 谢秉磊

doi:10.16503/j.cnki.2095-9931.2026.03.009

交通运输研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (3) : 109-124. DOI: 10.16503/j.cnki.2095-9931.2026.03.009

设施布局与网络规划

高速公路充电设施技术规划综述：场景需求、技术路线与配置策略

徐士翠 ¹ ,
黄超 ¹ ,
孙鹏翔 ¹ ,
郑少灿 ¹ ,
胡正宇 ¹ ,
李天宇 ² ,
冯健茜 ² ,
谢秉磊 ²^,^*

作者信息 +

A Review of Expressway Charging Infrastructure Technology Planning: Scenario Demand, Technology Pathways, and Configuration Strategies

XU Shicui ¹ ,
HUANG Chao ¹ ,
SUN Pengxiang ¹ ,
ZHENG Shaocan ¹ ,
HU Zhengyu ¹ ,
LI Tianyu ² ,
FENG Jianxi ² ,
XIE Binglei ²^,^*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

高速公路充电设施正面临从设施覆盖不足向峰时服务能力不足、能源系统约束与多车型需求分化并存的矛盾转变。本文构建“场景需求—技术路线—配置策略”的研究框架，系统梳理主干乘用车走廊、干线重卡走廊、枢纽/城市出入口服务区、旅游支线和应急保障等典型场景的充电需求差异及其演化特征；对比了超快充、换电、移动补能、光储充一体化和双侧服务区互联微电网等技术路线；归纳不同技术在服务对象、工程特性、适用约束、规划目标、决策变量和关键约束方面的建模差异。在此基础上，从需求侧分化、技术适配差异与系统约束等3个维度，探讨高速公路充电设施由单一容量扩容转向多技术组合配置的规划逻辑，并进一步归纳不同情景下的技术配置策略。既有研究显示，单一固定设施扩容策略难以应对高速场景的不确定性与非平稳性，未来规划需转向以基础服务能力、峰时弹性保障、站端能源协同与示范技术储备为框架的多技术组合配置。本文研究成果可为高速公路充电设施的技术选型、建设配置与工程示范提供参考。

Abstract

Expressway charging infrastructure planning is facing a transition from insufficient facility coverage to a compound challenge involving inadequate peak service capacity, energy system constraints, and differentiated multi-vehicle charging demands. This paper develops a review framework for "scenario demand—technology pathways—configuration strategies". It first examines the differences and evolution of charging demand in typical highway scenarios, including mainline passenger-car corridors, heavy-duty truck corridors, hub service areas, tourist branch routes, and emergency support scenarios. It compares multiple technology pathways, including ultra-fast charging, battery swapping, mobile charging, integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging systems, and interconnected microgrids between paired service areas, and summarizes their modeling differences in terms of service objects, engineering characteristics, applicability constraints, planning objectives, decision variables, and key constraints. On this basis, the paper discusses the planning logic of shifting expressway charging infrastructure from single-capacity expansion toward multi-technology configuration, based on three dimensions: demand-side differentiation, technology adaptability differences, and system constraints. It further summarizes technology configuration strategies under different scenarios. The review indicates that a single fixed-infrastructure expansion strategy is insufficient to address the uncertainty and non-stationarity of expressway charging demand. Future planning should move toward a multi-technology configuration framework that balances basic service capacity, peak-time flexibility, station-side energy coordination, and pilot-oriented technology reserves. This study provides a reference for technology selection, construction configuration, and engineering demonstration of expressway charging infrastructure.

导出引用

徐士翠, 黄超, 孙鹏翔, 等. 高速公路充电设施技术规划综述：场景需求、技术路线与配置策略[J]. 交通运输研究. 2026, 12(3): 109-124 https://doi.org/10.16503/j.cnki.2095-9931.2026.03.009

XU Shicui, HUANG Chao, SUN Pengxiang, et al. A Review of Expressway Charging Infrastructure Technology Planning: Scenario Demand, Technology Pathways, and Configuration Strategies[J]. Transport Research. 2026, 12(3): 109-124 https://doi.org/10.16503/j.cnki.2095-9931.2026.03.009

中图分类号： U491

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广东省交通集团科技项目(JT2024YB15)

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收稿日期	出版日期
2026-01-26	2026-06-25
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2026-07-20

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