资源型国家交通体系转型高度依赖国际合作，为中国与其开展合作提供了重要空间。基于国家转型理论、战略耦合理论与风险治理理论，构建了“转型压力-战略耦合-风险嵌入-合作绩效”的分析框架，并以中沙交通合作为例，阐释中国与转型期资源型国家交通合作的运行机制与约束条件。研究发现：交通体系转型压力催生对外合作需求，为跨国合作提供契机；中国与资源型国家的战略耦合为合作深化提供了制度与产业基础；地缘政治、制度差异等风险通过结构性渠道嵌入合作过程，对合作绩效形成显著约束；合作绩效的反馈则推动合作结构持续优化，促使合作走向韧性构建的动态演进路径。该框架揭示了中国与转型期资源型国家交通合作由需求生成到结构演进的运行机制与约束条件，为理解资源型国家转型阶段的跨国交通合作提供了一种结构化的分析工具。

The transition of transport systems in resource-dependent countries heavily relies on international cooperation, which creates significant opportunities for China to collaborate with these countries. Based on theories of national transition, strategic coupling, and risk governance, an analytical framework of "transition pressure, strategic coupling, risk embedding, cooperation performance" is constructed. With a case study of China-Saudi Arabia transport cooperation, the paper systematically explores the operational mechanism and constraints of transport cooperation between China and resource-dependent countries during their transition period. The results show that: the pressure of transportation system transition generates demand for external cooperation, providing a catalyst for cross-border cooperation; the strategic coupling between China and resource-dependent countries establishes institutional and industrial foundations for deepening cooperation; risks such as geopolitical tensions and institutional differences are embedded in the cooperation process through structural channels, imposing significant constraints on cooperation performance; the feedback from cooperation performance, in turn, drives continuous optimization of the cooperation structure, steering cooperation toward a dynamic evolutionary path of resilience building. The proposed framework illuminates the operational mechanism and constraints of transport cooperation between China and transitioning resource-dependent countries in transition, from demand generation to structural evolution, offering a structured analytical tool for understanding cross-border transport cooperation during the transition period of resource-dependent countries.