为深入探究自由贸易港创新政策对港口运输的溢出效应，以海南自由贸易港为研究对象，综合运用定性与定量、理论与实际相结合的方法，分析海南自贸港创新政策对北部湾港运输的影响机理及实际效果。通过系统梳理海南自贸港在港口运输领域的创新政策，探讨其对北部湾港运输的影响机理及路径，认为海南自贸港创新政策对北部湾港运输溢出效应外在表现为自贸港内部港口对外部港口运输的带动作用。在实证分析部分，选取北部湾港与海南港口的主要货类月度吞吐量数据，构建面板数据模型，定量测度海南自贸港创新政策对北部湾港不同货类及不同港口的差异化影响。研究发现：①自贸港创新政策具有显著的区域溢出效应，不仅能促进内部港口发展，还能通过产业联动、物流协同等机制带动周边港口运输增长；②政策溢出效应存在货类异质性，高附加值货类受益更明显，而大宗散货受政策影响较小，表明自贸港政策更有助于推动高附加值物流发展；③政策溢出效应具有港口异质性，区位优势明显、功能定位匹配度高的港口受益更大，而功能匹配度低或区位较远的港口溢出效应相对较弱。研究结果可为周边港口借助自贸港政策实现协同发展提供参考。

To thoroughly investigate the spillover effect of Free Trade Port (FTP) innovation policies on port transportation, taking Hainan Free Trade Port as the research object, this paper analyzes the impact mechanism and actual effect of Hainan FTP innovation policies on the transportation of Beibu Gulf Port by employing a comprehensive approach that integrates qualitative and quantitative analysis, as well as theory and practice. Through systematically sorting out the innovation policies of Hainan FTP in the field of port transportation, this paper discusses the impact mechanism and paths of these policies on Beibu Gulf Port′s transportation. It considers that the appearance of spillover effect of Hainan FTP innovation policies on the transportation of Beibu Gulf Port is manifested as the driving role of the internal ports of FTP on the transportation of external ports. In the empirical analysis part, this paper selects monthly throughput data of the main cargo categories of Beibu Gulf Port and Hainan ports to build a panel data model to quantitatively measure the differential impact of Hainan FTP innovation policies on different cargo categories and ports of Beibu Gulf Port. The results show that: ①The innovation policies of FTP have significant regional spillover effect, not only promoting the development of internal ports, but also driving the growth of surrounding ports′ transportation through mechanisms such as industrial linkages and logistics coordination; ②The spillover effect of these policies exhibits heterogeneity across cargo categories, with high value-added cargo benefiting more significantly, while bulk cargo is less affected by the policies, indicating that FTP policies tend to promote the development of high value-added logistics; ③The spillover effect of the policies shows port heterogeneity, with ports that have obvious location advantages and a high matching degree of function position benefiting more, while ports with low matching degree of function position or more distant location experiencing relatively weaker spillover effects. This study provides valuable reference for the collaborative development of surrounding ports with the leverage of FTP policies.