高铁开通对中国航空网络结构特征的影响——基于PSM-DID模型的实证分析

景崇毅; 郭韩一萌; 高玉香

doi:10.16503/j.cnki.2095-9931.2025.02.005

交通运输研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (2) : 54-64. DOI: 10.16503/j.cnki.2095-9931.2025.02.005

高铁开通对中国航空网络结构特征的影响——基于PSM-DID模型的实证分析

作者信息 +

Impact of High-Speed Rail Opening on the Structural Characteristics of China′s Aviation Network：An Empirical Analysis Based on PSM-DID Model

JING Chongyi ,
GUO Hanyimeng ,
GAO Yuxiang

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为探究高铁网络扩张对中国航空网络结构的影响及其空间异质性特征，并为优化空铁竞合关系提供决策参考，采用PSM-DID模型，利用2000—2018年的高铁开通数据和航空网络数据，从航空网络的连通性、紧密性、易达性和中介性4个维度对高铁开通给航空网络结构特征带来的影响进行分析，并根据地区及机场规模差异等进行讨论。结果表明：①高铁开通对航空网络结构产生了显著的负面冲击；②地理位置、经济、环境等因素的差异导致冲击强度表现出“中部地区>东部地区>西部地区”的特征；③大型机场通过替代效应与互补效应的协同作用，能缓解高铁运营带来的客源分流压力，展现出较中小型机场更为突出的抗风险能力；④高铁开通拓展了机场群的市场辐射范围。基于此，提出如下政策建议：西部地区应优化短途航线布局；中小机场需发展低成本航空提升运营效率，大型机场应推进空铁联运整合；优先培育枢纽机场群，通过国际长航线开拓，提升网络韧性。

Abstract

To explore the impact of HSR(High-Speed Rail) network expansion on the structure of China's aviation network and its spatial heterogeneity characteristics, and provide a decision-making reference for optimizing the air-rail competition and cooperation relationship, based on the HSR opening data and aviation network data from 2000 to 2018, the PSM-DID model was used to analyze the impact of high-speed rail operation on the structural characteristics of the aviation network from four dimensions including connectivity, closeness, accessibility and intermediation of the aviation network, and further discussed it according to the regional and airport scale differences. The results reveal: ①The opening of HSR has had a significant negative impact on the aviation network structure; ②Impact intensity displays regional heterogeneity as "central regions>eastern regions>western regions" due to geographical location, economic, and environmental disparities; ③Large airports, through the synergistic effects of substitution and complementarity, can alleviate the pressure of passenger diversion caused by high-speed rail operations, demonstrating a more significant resilience to risks compared to medium and small airports; ④HSR operation expands the market radiation range of airport clusters. Accordingly, policy recommendations are proposed: western regions should optimize short-haul route networks; medium-small airports need to enhance efficiency through low-cost carrier development, while large airports should promote air-rail intermodal integration; priority should be given to cultivating hub airport clusters, and improving network resilience through international long-haul route expansion.

导出引用

景崇毅, 郭韩一萌, 高玉香. 高铁开通对中国航空网络结构特征的影响——基于PSM-DID模型的实证分析[J]. 交通运输研究. 2025, 11(2): 54-64 https://doi.org/10.16503/j.cnki.2095-9931.2025.02.005

JING Chongyi, GUO Hanyimeng, GAO Yuxiang. Impact of High-Speed Rail Opening on the Structural Characteristics of China′s Aviation Network：An Empirical Analysis Based on PSM-DID Model[J]. Transport Research. 2025, 11(2): 54-64 https://doi.org/10.16503/j.cnki.2095-9931.2025.02.005

中图分类号： U8]

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基金

国家自然科学基金项目(U2033213)

四川省哲学社会科学项目(SCJJ23ND440)

民航局教育人才类项目(MJ-2023009)

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收稿日期	出版日期
2024-09-09	2025-04-25
发布日期
2025-06-02

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