中国出行即服务（MaaS）体系框架与发展路径研究

PDF(2030 KB)

交通运输研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (3) : 1-9.

专题

中国出行即服务（MaaS）体系框架与发展路径研究

刘向龙,刘好德,李香静,周晓航,杨新征

作者信息 +

Framework and Developing Roadmap of MaaS (Mobility as a Service) in China

LIU Xiang-long, LIU Hao-de, LI Xiang-jing, ZHOU Xiao-hang and YANG Xin-zheng

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为打造以乘客为中心的门到门高度整合的一站式出行即服务（Mobility as a Service, MaaS）模式，构建适合我国国情的MaaS 体系框架和发展路径，在全面分析MaaS 典型特征、影响因素以及全球典型MaaS 体系框架的基础上，首先对比了MaaS 与传统运输服务模式的差异，然后提出了涵盖乘客、交通运营商、数据服务商、MaaS 服务商、政府部门等各利益相关方的MaaS 体系框架并设计各方的职责和相互关系。最后通过系统梳理我国不同公共运输模式在管理体制、运营模式、身份认证、安全检查、支付清分等方面的现状与问题，考虑不同出行服务模式在不同业务层级间整合的难易程度，对我国MaaS体系的发展阶段进行了划分，并从基础能力、关键技术、应用示范、合作伙伴关系等方面提出了我国MaaS体系发展路径。

Abstract

In order to establish a highly-integrated user-centric door to door architecture of MaaS(Mobility as a Service) and construct the system framework and developing roadmap of MaaS suitable for China's national condition, the typical characteristics, influencing factors and global typical system frameworks of MaaS were analyzed. On this basis, the differences between MaaS and traditional transport service modes were compared. A MaaS ecosystem framework suitable for China was proposed, which took into account all stakeholders such as passengers, transportation operators, data service providers, MaaS service providers, public authorities and agencies, etc. Responsibilities and Interrelations of all stakeholders were analyzed. The status quo and problems in management system, operation mode, identity authentication, security inspection, payment and fare calculation of different passenger transport modes in China were systematically combed. According to the difficulties of integrating different transport services at different business levels, the development stages of MaaS in China were divided and the developing roadmap of MaaS in China was proposed from the aspects of basic capabilities, key technologies, application demonstrations and strategic partnerships.

导出引用

刘向龙, 刘好德, 李香静, 周晓航, 杨新征. 中国出行即服务（MaaS）体系框架与发展路径研究[J]. 交通运输研究. 2019, 5(3): 1-9

LIU Xiang-long, LIU Hao-de, LI Xiang-jing, ZHOU Xiao-hang and YANG Xin-zheng. Framework and Developing Roadmap of MaaS (Mobility as a Service) in China[J]. Transport Research. 2019, 5(3): 1-9

参考文献

[1] MaaS Alliance. White Paper, Guidelines & Recommendation to Create the Foundations for Thriving Maas Ecosystem[R]. Brussels: MaaS Alliance, 2017.
[2] MaaS Alliance. MaaS Alliance Vision Paper, Passenger Rights in Multimodal Transport[R]. Brussels: MaaS Alliance, 2018.
[3] ATKINS. Introducing Mobility as a Service, Journeys of the Future[R]. London: ATKINS, 2015.
[4] HOLMBERG P E, COLLADO M, SARASINI S, et al. Mobility as a Service-MaaS: Describing the Framework[R]. Göteborg: Victoria Swedish ICT AB, 2016.
[5] STREETING M, CHEN H, TENG Y, et al. Mobility as a Service: The Next Transport Disruption[R]. London: L E K Consulting Part with ITF and UITP, 2017.
[6] KAMARGIANNI M, MATYAS M, LI W, et al. Feasibility Study for "Mobility as a Service" Concept for London[R]. London: MaaSLab, Energy Institute, University College London, 2015.
[7] KAMARGIANNI M, MATYAS M, LI W B, et al. The MaaS Dictionary[R]. London: MaaSLab, Energy Institute, University College London, 2018.
[8] KAMARGIANNI M, LI W B, MATYAS M, et al. A Critical Review of New Mobility Services for Urban Transport[J]. Transportation Research Procedia, 2016, 14: 3294-3303.
[9] KAMARGIANNI M, MATYAS M. The Mobility- as- a-Service Business Ecosystem[C]// Proceedings of TRB 96th Annual Meeting.Washington D C: TRB, 2017: 1-14.
[10] KAMARGIANNI M, MATYAS M, LIWB, et al. Londoners′ Attitudes towards Car- Ownership and Mobility- as- a-Service: Impact Assessment and Opportunities that Lie Ahead[R]. London: MaaSLab, Energy Institute, University College London, 2018.
[11] ITS Australia. Mobility as a Service in Australia: Customer Insights and Opportunities[R]. Melbourne: ITS Australia, 2018.
[12] 中华人民共和国交通运输部. 2017 年中国城市客运发展报告[M]. 北京：人民交通出版社，2018.
[13] 人民公安报. 第三季度机动车和驾驶人保持平稳增长我国机动车驾驶人突破四亿[EB/OL]. (2018-10-18)[2019-01-03].
[14] 高德地图. 2018 年度中国主要城市交通分析报告[R]. 北京：高德地图，2019.
[15] 中国互联网协会. 2017 年中国移动互联网年度报告[R]. 北京：中国互联网协会，2018.
[16] 中国交通运输协会. 2017 年中国共享出行年度发展报告[R]. 北京：中国交通运输协会，2018.
[17] 中华人民共和国国务院. 国务院关于印发“十三五”现代综合交通运输体系发展规划的通知（国发〔2017〕11 号）[Z]. 北京：中华人民共和国国务院，2017.
[18] 交通运输部，国家发展改革委，国家旅游局，等. 关于加快推进旅客联程运输发展的指导意见（交运发〔2017〕215 号）[Z]. 北京：交通运输部，国家发展改革委，国家旅游局，等，2017.
[19] 交通运输部，国家旅游局，国家铁路局，等. 关于促进交通运输与旅游融合发展的若干意见（交规划发〔2017〕24 号）[Z]. 北京：交通运输部，国家旅游局，国家铁路局，等，2017.
[20] KÖNIG D, SOCHOR J, ECKHARDT J, et al. State-of-the-Art Survey on Stakeholder′s Expectations for Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) [C]// Proceedings of 23rd World Congress on Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS). Melbourne: ITS Australia, 2016: 1-18.
[21] TCRP. Shared Mobility and the Transportation of Public Transit[R].Washington DC: TCRP, 2016.
[22] Transport Systems Catapult. Exploring the Opportunity for Mobility as a Service in the UK[R]. London: Transport Systems Catapult, 2016.
[23] MaaS Scotland. Mobility as a Service: Positioning Scotland for an Emerging Global Market[R]. Edinburgh: MaaS Scotland, 2017.
[24] World Economic Forum. Reshaping Urban Mobility with Autonomous Vehicles: Lessons from the City of Boston[R]. Geneva: World Economic Forum, 2018.