为准确测度丝绸之路经济带沿线部分地区物流业效率，考虑实际情况，选取碳排放为物流业非期望产出，在此基础上，运用考虑非期望产出的基于松弛度模型（Slack Based Model, SBM），对2010—2017年丝绸之路经济带沿线我国西北五省区物流业效率进行测算。然后，利用Malmquist指数，刻画了物流业全要素生产率的时空演化特征。最后，根据分析结果，提出了提升丝绸之路经济带沿线部分地区物流业效率的可行性建议。研究结果表明：不考虑碳排放约束的物流业效率显著高于考虑碳排放约束的效率；丝绸之路经济带沿线我国西北五省区物流业效率总体偏低，有较大提升空间；技术进步变动指数在研究期间处于下降状态，而技术效率变动指数呈上升趋势，技术效率的提升推动了物流业效率的提升；从年度变化看，我国西北五省区物流业效率存在明显差异。

In order to accurately measure the efficiency of logistics industry in some areas along the Silk Road Economic Belt, considering the actual situation, carbon emission was selected as the undesired output of logistics industry. Then the SBM (Slack Based Model) model considering undesired output was used to calculate the efficiency of logistics industry in five provinces and areas in Northwest China along the Silk Road Economic Belt during 2010 to 2017. Secondly, Malmquist index was applied to characterize the spatial and temporal evolution of total factor productivity of the logistics industry. Finally, according to the analysis results, the feasible suggestions to improve the efficiency of logistics industry in some areas along the Silk Road Economic Belt were proposed. The results showed that the efficiency of the logistics industry without considering carbon emission constraint was significantly higher than the efficiency of those considering carbon emission constraint; the efficiencies of the logistics industry in five provinces and areas in Northwest China along the Silk Road Economic Belt were generally low, and there was much room for improvement; during the research period, the technical progress change index declined, while the technical efficiency change index showed an upward trend and the technical efficiency improvement promoted the efficiency of the logistics industry; according to the annual change, there were significant differences in the efficiencies of logistics industry in the five provinces.