基于边界速度的城市路网承载力估计方法

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交通运输研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (6) : 31-37.

专题

基于边界速度的城市路网承载力估计方法

张彭,孙建平,雷方舒,全宇翔,朱广宇

作者信息 +

Estimation Algorithm of Urban Road Network Capacity Based on Boundary Network Velocity

ZHANG Peng, SUN Jian-ping, LEI Fang-shu, QUAN Yu-xiang and ZHU Guang-yu

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为了估计路网瞬时所能承载的车辆数，首先建立在途车辆数与路网均速的关系，推算路网运行的边界速度；其次，提出路网中车辆速度分布的概率模型，并建立车速分布参数随路网均速变化的动态模型；进而，将边界速度代入动态模型获得对应的车速分布参数，恢复对应的车辆速度分布；将车速分布与交通流速度—密度曲线进行匹配，获得不同密度条件下车辆数所占比例；待求车辆总数乘以密度分布得到不同密度下的车辆数，不同密度下车头间距之和等于车道加权的公路总里程，解方程得到车辆总数。以北京市为例，用来自1.2 万辆私人小汽车的浮动车数据分别估算了北京市中心城区1 368km2范围内快速路、主干路、次支路三个等级路网的承载力。结果显示，该方法计算效率高、操作性强，适用于大规模路网测算，在交通运行仿真、分析及控制领域具有广泛的应用前景。

Abstract

In order to estimate the maximum volume of vehicles existing in network at an instant, the relationship between the volume of online vehicles and average network speed was presented, and the boundary network speed was deduced according to this relationship at first. Secondly, the probabilistic model of vehicle speeds distribution in network was established, and a dynamic model that depicts the parameters of vehicle speed distribution varying with average network speed was proposed. Furthermore, the boundary speed was introduced to the dynamic model to obtain the according parameter values of vehicle speed distribution, so as to obtain the speed distribution. The vehicle speed distribution was matched with the density-speed dependence curve to obtain the ratio of vehicle volume in different traffic flow densities to the total vehicle volume. The vehicle volumes in different densities were obtained by multiplying the total vehicle volume and density distribution. The sum of space headway of vehicles in different density equals to the road mileage weighted with the number of lanes. Then the total vehicle volume was obtained by solving equation. Beijing was taken as an example, more than 12 000 private cars were taken as floating cars. The area covered 1 368 square kilometers. The estimations of sub networks of expressways, arterials, branches were presented respectively. The result shows that the proposed method has the advantages of both high calculation efficiency and flexible implement, and adapts to large scale network. It has broad prospect in application of traffic analysis, simulation and control.

导出引用

张彭,孙建平,雷方舒,全宇翔,朱广宇. 基于边界速度的城市路网承载力估计方法[J]. 交通运输研究. 2018, 4(6): 31-37

ZHANG Peng, SUN Jian-ping, LEI Fang-shu, QUAN Yu-xiang and ZHU Guang-yu. Estimation Algorithm of Urban Road Network Capacity Based on Boundary Network Velocity[J]. Transport Research. 2018, 4(6): 31-37

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