摘要
为了促进公共自行车服务(Public Bike Sharing Service,简称PBSS) 质量的提升,研究引入了市场营销学中基于顾客感知测度的服务质量(Service Quality,简称SERVQUAL) 模型。从用户感知的角度设计了包括4 个维度(可达性、可用性、硬件设施、人工服务)、17 项指标的公共自行车服务质量测量指标体系,并针对传统赋权方法对样本量和数据分布要求较高的问题,提出了基于偏最小二乘路径模型(Partial Least Square Path Model,简称PLSPM) 的服务质量权重计算方法。以上海市闵行区公共自行车服务为例,进行模型参数标定及拟合优度检验。实证分析结果表明,研究提出的方法可以识别公共自行车服务中的短板,闵行区公共自行车服务在雨具提供(得分为-1.897) 以及早晚高峰时段车辆动态调度以满足借还车需求(可用车位和可用车辆得分分别为-1.172和-1.126) 等方面仍需改善。
Abstract
In order to improve the service quality of public bike sharing service (PBSS), the service quality (SERVQUAL) model, one service quality measuring approach based on customer oriented in marketing science, was introduced. A service quality measuring index system, including 17 indexes under 4 dimensions (accessibility, availability, tangibles and personnel serving), was designed according to the users′ perception. A partial least square path model (PLSPM) based weighting method was proposed to relax the high requirement of normal weighting methods on sample size and distribution. Taking the
PBSS in Minhang district of Shanghai as a case study, the model parameters were calibrated and the goodness of fit was evaluated. The results show that the proposed method could reveal the short slab in PBSS. Regarding Minhang PBSS case, raincoat provision (with a score of -1.897) and demand responsive dynamic bike dispatching (with score of dock availability and bike availability to be -1.172 and -1.126 respectively) were both in urgent need of improvement.
关键词
城市交通 /
公共自行车 /
服务质量 /
用户感知 /
偏最小二乘
Key words
urban traffic /
public bicycle /
service quality /
user perception /
partial least square
张栋,王明莉,闫亚文.
基于用户感知的公共自行车服务质量测度模型[J]. 交通运输研究. 2018, 4(1): 22-27
ZHANG Dong, WANG Ming-li and YAN Ya-wen.
Service Quality Measurement Model of Public Bicycle Based onUser Perception[J]. Transport Research. 2018, 4(1): 22-27
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目(71701031;71501014);同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室开放课题项目(K201601)