为优化我国目前较为僵化的城市公交票价体系，构建科学合理的票价调节机制，充分发挥 价格杠杆对城市公交资源配置的导向作用，首先总结出我国城市公交票价体系存在票价水平与定 价成本背离、票价水平长期不变及缺乏科学系统的票价调节机制3 个主要问题。然后，深入研究 了新加坡和香港城市公共交通票价调节机制，并分析了其票价调整公式；在借鉴国际、国内相关 经验的基础上，通过总结我国城市公交运营成本中主要单项成本及各单项成本对总成本的影响规 律，将人员工资、燃料消耗费、轮胎消耗费、运营车辆修理费、其他直接运营费、财务费用等作 为影响城市公交票价的主要成本因素，并确定了各因素的权重系数。在以上研究基础上，设计了 能够合理反映城市公交票价定价成本的城市公共交通票价调节模型以及能够综合考虑企业运营成 本、社会经济发展水平、居民承受能力等因素的动态城市公交票价调节机制和配套措施，包括启 动票价调节的前提条件、调价流程设计等。

For optimizing relatively rigid fare system of urban public transport nowadays in China, building scientific and reasonable fare adjustment mechanism, making the price leverage play a guiding role in resource allocation of urban public transport, the three problems of Chinese urban public transport fare system were summarized firstly, which were that fare level could not reflect bus operating cost reasonably, fare level was unchanged for years and fare adjustment mechanism was absent in Chinese cities. Then urban public transport fare adjustment mechanism of Singapore and Hongkong were studied in-depth, and the fare adjustment formula was analyzed. On the basis of drawing lessons from the international and domestic relevant experience, the influence law of the main individual costs and each individual cost on the total cost of urban public transport operating costs in China were summarized. The staff wages, fuel consumption, tyre consumption, maintenance fee of operation vehicle, other direct operating costs and financial expenses were taken as the main cost factors affecting the urban public transport fare, the corresponding weight coefficient of various factors were determined. Based on the above research, the urban pubic transport fare adjustment model, that could reasonably reflect operating cost of urban pubic transport, was designed. And considering the factors in aspect of enterprise operating costs, social and economic development level, residents′ consumption capacity, the urban pubic transport fare adjustment mechanism and supporting measures, including fare adjustment precondition, adjustment process design, etc. were put forward accordingly.