路面结构设计中一般是结合实测轴载数据计算累计当量轴次，但是新建和改建路面设计中 实测轴载数据的调查往往难以实现，导致预测交通量无法准确表征实际交通状况。针对此问题， 通过对陕西省18 条高速路段的车流量数据和6 条典型高速路段的实测轴载数据进行比对，分析其 车型分布规律、轴型分布规律以及轴载分布规律的区域特征，为利用轴载特性相似区域的已知轴 载调查数据预测交通量提供理论依据。研究结果表明：西安周边地区小客车占比明显高于其他类 型车辆占比，通往外省地区拖挂车占比与小客车占比接近；西安周边地区以轻型拖挂车为主，通 往外省地区以重型拖挂车为主；2 个区域的超载比例差异明显，通往外省地区高速路段的超载比 例多数是西安周边地区的2 倍。

The accumulative equivalent axles were usually accumulated based on measured axle load data in pavement structure design. But it was difficult to investigate measured axle load data in the de⁃ sign of new and reconstruction pavement, which resulted in the budget can not accurately characterize the actual traffic volume. In order to solve this problem, the vehicle flow data of 18 expressway sections and the measured axle load data of 6 typical high-speed sections in Shaanxi Province were compared, re⁃ gional characteristics of the distribution rules of vehicle type, axial pattern and axle load were analyzed, which provided a theoretical basis for forecasting the traffic volume by utilizing the known survey data of axle load of the area which had the similar characteristics of axle load. The results show that: the propor⁃ tion of passenger cars is obviously higher than other types of vehicle in the environs of Xi′an, while the proportion of trailers is close to the proportion of passenger cars in the border areas of provinces; the light trailers are mainly in the environs of Xi′an, while the heavy trailers are mainly in the border areas of provinces; there is significant difference of overload proportion between the two above mentioned ar⁃ eas, the overload proportion of more surveyed sections in the border areas of provinces is two times than it in the environs of Xi′an.