In order to improve the driving safety of expressway turning ramp in rainy weather, a quantitative method of car driving safety was proposed based on the influence of section alignment, driving speed and rainfall. Thinking of human-vehicle-road cooperation, a CarSim-based traffic simulation model was established. Taking the maximum lateral offset, peak response time and transition response time as safety evaluation indexes and adopting the single factor test method, the influences of radius of ramp curve, elevation, longitudinal gradient and vehicle target speed on ramp driving safety in rainy weather was analyzed. The result showed that the driving safety of expressway turning ramp was positively correlated with the radius of circular curve and negatively correlated with the target speed and the absolute value of longitudinal gradient; when the speed was low, too large road elevation would lead to the increase of lateral offset and endanger the driving safety; the sensitivity of longitudinal gradient, radius of ramp curve, elevation and vehicle target speed to driving safety are 0.67, 0.92, 0.99 and 0.99 respectively. Finally, a quantitative model of car driving safety on turning ramp in rainy weather was established using MATLAB multiple regression, the quantitative relationship between the maximum lateral offset and driving speed was obtained, and some suggestions on safety and speed limit were proposed.
方 成，李元辉，燕北瑞，朱文峰
. Car Driving Safety and Speed Limit on
Expressway Turning Ramps in Rainy Weather[J]. Transport Research, 2021
, 7(4)
: 85
-94
.
DOI: 10.16503/j.cnki.2095-9931.2021.04.011
[1] 郭忠印，方守恩. 道路安全工程[M]. 北京：人民交通出版社，2003.
[2] 公安部交通管理局. 中华人民共和国道路交通事故统计年报（2011年度）[R]. 北京：人民交通出版社，2012：10-11.
[3] AASHTO. Highway safety design and operations guide[M]. Washington DC: American Association of State Highway, 1997.
[4] LORD D, BONNESON J. Calibration of predictive models for estimating safety of ramp design configurations[J]. Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2005, 1908(1): 88-95.
[5] BONNESON J, ZIMMERMAN K, FITZPATRICK K. Roadway safety design synthesis[R]. Austin: Texas Transportation Institute, 2005.
[6] MICHAEL H, RANDY M, ALEXEI T. Revaluation of ramp design speed criteria[R]. Austin: Texas Department of Transportation, 2000: 1-17.
[7] CHEN H Y, LIU P, LU J J, et al. Evaluating the safety impacts of the number and arrangement of lanes on freeway exit ramps[R]. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2009, 41(3): 543-551.
[8] 杨晓芳，范柏桐，付强. 基于车车通信的快速路入口匝道车速控制研究[J]. 交通运输研究，2019，5（6）：69-76.
[9] 王晓玉. 基于Carsim的高速公路互通式立交安全评价与对策研究[D]. 西安：长安大学，2018.
[10] 张炜. 高速公路互通立交出口匝道安全设计与评价[D]. 南京：东南大学，2015.
[11] 张驰，王博，贺九平，等. 基于行车动力学的高速公路积水路段行车风险分析[J]. 交通信息与安全，2019，37（5）：9-17.
[12] 张驰，孟良，汪双杰，等. 高速公路曲线路段小客车制动行为侧滑风险仿真分析[J]. 中国公路学报，2015，28（12）：134-142.
[13] OLIVEIRA H F. Contribution to the analysis of the occurrence of aquaplaning on highways[D]. Sao Paulo: University of Sao Paulo, 2018.
[14] 刘建蓓，罗京，郭腾峰. 基于安全容许速度的雨天公路可变限速方法[J]. 中国公路学报，2015，28(12)：128-133.
[15] 郭健，胡金瑞. 恶劣天气对应急医疗物资公路运输的影响[J]. 交通运输研究，2020，6（5）：84-91.
[16] CHEN X B, WANG J T, Liu H, et al. Influence of rainfall on skid resistance performance and driving safety conditions of asphalt pavements[J]. Journal of Southeast University, 2019, 35(4): 482-490.
[17] 张敏，郭鑫鑫，张驰. 积水条件下考虑行车安全的车辙长度仿真分析[J]. 系统仿真学报，2015，27（4）：747-754.
[18] 孙璐，游克思，王易阳，等. 道路因素对车辆侧翻的影响分析[J]. 东南大学学报（自然科学版），2013，43（3）：644-648.
[19] 徐向阳，李光远，陶斯友，等. 四轮独立驱动电动汽车轮胎纵横向滑移能耗仿真分析[J]. 机械工程学报，2021，57（4）：92-102.
[20] 华杰工程咨询有限公司. 公路项目安全性评价规范：JTG B05—2015[S]. 北京：人民交通出版社股份有限公司，2016.
[21] 交通运输部公路局，中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司. 公路工程技术标准：JTG B01—2014[S]. 北京：人民交通出版社股份有限公司，2014.
[22] 李长城. 不良天气下的高速公路交通流特性及引导控制研究[D]. 北京：北京工业大学，2015.
